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Volt meter analog11/21/2023 The ranges are extended by keeping the resistors in series with the coil. The interaction of fluxes produced by these elements produces deflecting torque. It consists of soft iron containing movable and fixed coils. Moving Iron Instruments are used in AC circuits and are categorized into Simple Moving Iron, Dynamo Meter type and Induction types of instruments. The interaction of the two fields produces a deflecting torque. One coil is fixed and the other coil rotates around it. Dynamo Meter Type Moving Coil Instrumentsĭynamo meter type Moving Coil Instruments consist of two coils. When the current flows through the coil, deflecting torque is generated according to Lorenz force equation.įig. The coil is wounded on a soft iron piece and it rotates in its own vertical axis. These instruments have permanent magnet to produce magnetic field. Permanent magnet type Moving Coil Instruments respond only to direct current. Permanent Magnet Type Moving Coil Instruments Dynamo Meter Type Moving Coil Instruments 1.1.1.Permanent Magnet Type Moving Coil Instruments.Moving Coil Instruments type Analog Voltmeters are available in two types. 5 – A functional View of Analog Voltmeter 1.1. An Analog Voltmeter can be categorized in three categories. It includes deflecting type of indicating voltage meters. The voltmeter resistance will always be constant even though the voltage reading may not be a full-scale reading. The actual voltmeter resistance equals the sensitivity times the complete voltage. The smaller the meter current, the larger the voltage sensitivity will be. Voltage Sensitivity is the reciprocal of the current necessary for full scale deflection. V m = Full Scale Voltage Voltage Sensitivity.Its value is determined from the Voltage Equation. The resistance in series is called a multiplier. 3 – Full Scale Voltage Capability Voltage Equation A volt-meter with a high voltage range is built by connecting a resistance in series with a meter mechanism that has a full scale voltage capability as shown in the below Figure.įig. However, in this case also, the voltmeter is still connected in parallel to the component for which the voltage is measured. In an AC volt-meter there is no polarity signs on it and can be connected anyways. Therefore one has to connect the plus (+) terminal of the volt-meter to the higher point of potential and the minus (-) terminal to the lower point of potential in order to obtain a meter deflection. A DC volt-meter has polarity signs on it. 2 – Circuit Diagram to Represent VoltageĪ voltmeter is always connected in parallel to the component in a circuit for which the voltage is to be measured. The symbol to represent the voltmeter is a circle with an enclosed letter V.įig. Any basic meter has a potential difference across its terminals when a full-scale current flows through it. Ohm’s law states that – “Voltage across a resistance is directly proportional to the current passing through it”. Its Working is based on the principle of Ohm’s law. 1 – Voltmeter Working Principle of Voltmeter They are the standard test instruments used in electrical and electronics work.įig. Portable instruments are equipped with multimeter to measure current and resistance. Permanently mounted voltmeters are used to monitor generators or other fixed apparatus. Digital voltmeters have a numerical display of voltage by using an analog to digital converter. In analog voltmeters the pointer moves across a scale in proportional to the voltage of the circuit.
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